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: SBS AND COMPANY LLP; Blog; 01 May 2018; Hits: 197

The Many Sides of Risk

What is Fundamental Risk

Fundamental risk is the risk that the business's fundamentals are degrading or about to degrade. If you see sales declining or the company is selling an outdated product, you need to stay away from this company. Increasing debt and an eroding cash position are other danger signs.

Over time, organizations have created a plethora of functions that manage business risks from their own point of view.

Researchers look at risk by product or market life cycle. For example, missing customer needs, mistakes in product design, poor messaging, insufficient trial or repeat purchases, product extensions, upgrades, and delays in discontinuing a product are all risks that product managers routinely face. Mathematically, a key formula is “expected value of perfect information.”

Product managers are constantly asking themselves, “What is the risk (probability) of missing an insight if we don’t invest more in research?”

Input Tax Credit

Important Definitions:
Section		Phrase	Definition

2(59)	Input		means any goods other than capital goods used or intended to be
			used by a supplier in the course or furtherance of business.

2(19)	Capital Goods		means goods, the value of which is capitalised in the books of
2(19)
			accounts of person claiming the input tax credit and which are
			used or intended to be used in course or furtherance of business.

2(60)	Input Service		means any service used or intended to be used by a supplier in the
2(60)
			course or furtherance of business.

2(63)	Input Tax Credit		means the credit of input tax.
2(63)			means the credit of input tax.

2(62)	Input Tax		In relation to a registered person, means the central tax, state tax,
			integrated tax or UT charged on supply of goods or services or both
			made to him and includes –
			a)the integrated goods and services tax charged on import of goods
			b)the tax payable under the provisions of Section 9(3) and 9(4)
			c)the tax payable under the provisions of Section 5(3) and 5(4) of IGST
			d)the tax payable under the provisions of Section 9(3) and 9(4) of SGST
			e)the tax payable under the provisions of Section 7(3) and 7(4) of UGST
			But does not include the tax paid under composition levy.

2(82)	Output Tax		In relation to a taxable person, means the tax chargeable under
2(82)
			this Act on taxable supply of goods or services or both made by
			him or by his agent but excludes tax payable by him on reverse
			charge basis.

FAQs under Payment of Gratuity Act

An establishment has less than 10 employees; one of the employees quits his employment after serving for a period of 7 years. Will he be entitled to receive gratuity?

No. The employee is not entitled to receive gratuity under the Payment of Gratuity Act, as the establishment is not covered under the Act. The Payment of Gratuity Act is applicable only to shops and establishments in which 10 or more persons are employed or were employed on any day of the preceding twelve months.

Whether the Payment of Gratuity Act is applicable to educational institution?

Yes. An educational institute will be covered under the Payment of Gratuity Act. The Act has been amended with effect from 3.4.1997 to cover the educational institutes. [Shri GurudevAyurvedMahavidyala Gurukul Ashram Vs Madhav 1994 LLR 894 Bom HC]

: SBS AND COMPANY LLP; Blog; 01 May 2018; Hits: 211

Important Recent Judgments

Issue: - Provisions of Sec 40(a)(ia) and it’s retrospective application

CIT vs Calcutta Export Compan ¹ - Supreme Court

Facts: - Assessee is a partnership firm and claimed export commission charges on which TDS was deducted but paid the same after the end of previous year 2004-05i.e. beyond the time limit mentioned in sec 201(1) of the Act.

The AO has disallowed the export commission as TDS should have paid before the end of the previous year 2004-05 as per the provisions of Sec 40(a)(ia) as stood then.

Assessee has filed an appeal against order of AO and CIT(A) has allowed appeal as result the export commission was allowed as deduction.

Revenue filed appeal against order of CIT(A) before Tribunal, which was dismissed. Revenue further appealed before High Court. The honorable High Court dismissed appeal. Finally, an appeal was filed before the honorable Supreme Court.

SBS WIKI E Journal APRL 2018

Key Topics Covered:

GST
INTERNATIONAL TAXATION

Page 28 of 105

Latest Blogs from SBS and Company LLP

The Many Sides of Risk

Input Tax Credit

FAQs under Payment of Gratuity Act

Important Recent Judgments

SBS WIKI E Journal APRL 2018

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